A one-year-old male from metropolitan Adelaide is in a stable condition in hospital, after being diagnosed with invasive meningococcal disease. Serotyping is pending.
SA Health has identified multiple people who have come in contact with the child and two people have been directed to receive clearance antibiotics to prevent further transmission.
Meningococcal case breakdown:
| 2024 | 2023 | |
|---|---|---|
| Year-to-date count | 12 | 11 |
| Annual count | 12 | 21 |
| Deaths | 0 | 1 |
| Serogroup B | 10 | 17 |
| Serogroup W | 0 | 3 |
| Serogroup Y | 1 | 1 |
| Pending | 1 | 0 |
Symptoms and signs of meningococcal disease can include headache, fever, vomiting, neck stiffness, and discomfort when looking at lights. A skin rash may occur, with tiny red or purple spots that soon spread and enlarge to look like fresh bruises. At later stages of the illness, people may develop confusion and shock.
In addition, children may be fretful, difficult to wake and refuse to eat. They may have leg pain, cold hands and feet, and a high-pitched or moaning cry. Children may also have pale, blotchy or abnormally coloured skin.
Vaccines are available to protect against a number of types of meningococcal disease. In South Australia, under national and state funded programs, the meningococcal B vaccine is available and free for infants at six weeks, four months, and 12 months and for adolescents in Year 10. The ACWY vaccine is available and free for infants at 12 months and in adolescents in Year 10.
As vaccines do not protect against all types of meningococcal disease, vaccinated people must still be alert for the symptoms of meningococcal disease.
Meningococcal health information has also been provided to the contacts in accordance with the Invasive Meningococcal Disease Communicable Diseases Network Australia: National Guidelines for Public Health Units.